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Schoemaker, Jan ten Brink, Amsterdam. Catalogus van uitmuntende en extra Konstige Schilderyen [...] nagelaten by wylen den Wel Edelen Heer M. Willem Six. May 12, 1734, p. 5, lot 18.
Schoemaker, Jan ten Brink, Amsterdam. Catalogus van uitmuntende en extra Konstige Schilderyen [...] nagelaten by wylen den Wel Edelen Heer M. Willem Six. May 12, 1734
Citation (Bibliographic Reference) Sequence
Hoet, Gerard. Catalogus of naamlyst van schilderyen met derzelver pryzen: Zedert een langen reeks van Jaaren zoo in Holland als op andere Plaatzen in het openbaar vekogt (The Hague: P.G. van Baalen, 1752), vol. 1, pp. 87, 411, nos. 2, 18.
Hoet, Gerard. Catalogus of naamlyst van schilderyen met derzelver pryzen: Zedert een langen reeks van Jaaren zoo in Holland als op andere Plaatzen in het openbaar vekogt (The Hague: P.G. van Baalen, 1752), vol. 1
Lacoste, Rue de Richelieu, Paris. Catalogue d'une collection précieuse et du plus beau choix, de tableaux des trois écoles [...] composant le cabinet de M. L. April 14, 1817, pp. 12-13, lot. 19.
Lacoste, Rue de Richelieu, Paris. Catalogue d'une collection précieuse et du plus beau choix, de tableaux des trois écoles [...] composant le cabinet de M. L. April 14, 1817
Christie's, London. A Catalogue of a Small but Extremely Precious Cabinet of Exquisitely Finished Flemish and Dutch Pictures […]. May 6, 1826, p. 5, lot. 12.
Christie's, London. A Catalogue of a Small but Extremely Precious Cabinet of Exquisitely Finished Flemish and Dutch Pictures […]. May 6, 1826
Smith, John. A Catalogue Raisonné of the Works of the Most Eminent Dutch, Flemish, and French Painters [...]. 9 vols. (London: Smith and Son, 1829-42), vol. 1 (1829), p. 33, no. 96.
Smith, John. A Catalogue Raisonné of the Works of the Most Eminent Dutch, Flemish, and French Painters [...]. 9 vols. (London: Smith and Son, 1829-42), vol. 1 (1829)
British Institution for the Promoting of Fine Arts in the United Kingdom, exh. cat. (London: William Nicol, 1839), p. 9, no. 30.
British Institution for the Promoting of Fine Arts in the United Kingdom, exh. cat. (London: William Nicol, 1839)
Smith, John. Supplement to the Catalogue Raisonné of the Works of the Most Eminent Dutch, Flemish, and French Painters [...]. 9 vols. (London: Smith and Son, 1829-42), vol. 9 (1842), p. 6, no. 15.
Smith, John. Supplement to the Catalogue Raisonné of the Works of the Most Eminent Dutch, Flemish, and French Painters [...]. 9 vols. (London: Smith and Son, 1829-42), vol. 9 (1842)
Christie, Manson & Woods, London. Catalogue of Forty Very Choice Cabinet Pictures, the Property of the Late Right Hon. Earl of Claire [...] Edward Ellice, Esq., deceased [...] G.A. Hoskins, Esq., deceased [...] Edward Granville Harcourt Vernon, Esq. June 17, 1864, p. 8, lot 38.
Christie, Manson & Woods, London. Catalogue of Forty Very Choice Cabinet Pictures, the Property of the Late Right Hon. Earl of Claire [...] Edward Ellice, Esq., deceased [...] G.A. Hoskins, Esq., deceased [...] Edward Granville Harcourt Vernon, Esq. June
Christie's, London. Catalogue of the Highly Important Collection of Ancient and Modern Pictures Formed by William Delafield, Esq. [...]. April 30, 1870, p. 13, no. 79.
Christie's, London. Catalogue of the Highly Important Collection of Ancient and Modern Pictures Formed by William Delafield, Esq. [...]. April 30, 1870
Exhibition of the Works of the Old Masters, exh. cat. (London: Royal Academy of Arts, 1873), p. 9, no. 76.
Exhibition of the Works of the Old Masters, exh. cat. (London: Royal Academy of Arts, 1873)
Christie's, London. Catalogue of the Collection of Old Masters of Albert Levy, Esq. April 6, 1876, p. 57, lot. 329.
Christie's, London. Catalogue of the Collection of Old Masters of Albert Levy, Esq. April 6, 1876
Exhibition of works by The Old Masters, and by Deceased Masters of the British School; including a collection of Sculpture, Bronzes, Medals, and Plaquettes, Chiefly of the Renaissance Period (London: Royal Academy of Arts, 1888), p. 22, no. 84.
Exhibition of works by The Old Masters, and by Deceased Masters of the British School; including a collection of Sculpture, Bronzes, Medals, and Plaquettes, Chiefly of the Renaissance Period (London: Royal Academy of Arts, 1888)
Martin, Wilhelm. Het leven en de werken van Gerrit Dou beschouwd in verband met het schildersleven van zijn tijd (Leiden: S.C. van Doesburgh, 1901), pp. 190, 234, nos. 52, 314.
Martin, Wilhelm. Het leven en de werken van Gerrit Dou beschouwd in verband met het schildersleven van zijn tijd (Leiden: S.C. van Doesburgh, 1901)
Martin, Wilhelm. Gerard Dou. Clara Bell, trans. (London: George Bell and Sons, 1902), p. 111, no. 42.
Martin, Wilhelm. Gerard Dou. Clara Bell, trans. (London: George Bell and Sons, 1902)
Hofstede de Groot, Cornelis. Beschreibendes und kritisches Verzeichnis der Werke der hervorragendsten holländischen Maler des XVII. Jahrhunderts. 10 vols. (Esslingen a. N.: Paul Neff Verlag, 1907-28), vol. 1 (1907), p. 362, no. 63c.
Hofstede de Groot, Cornelis. Beschreibendes und kritisches Verzeichnis der Werke der hervorragendsten holländischen Maler des XVII. Jahrhunderts. 10 vols. (Esslingen a. N.: Paul Neff Verlag, 1907-28), vol. 1 (1907)
Hofstede de Groot, Cornelis. A Catalogue Raisonné of the Works of the Most Eminent Dutch Painters of the Seventeenth Century, Based on the Works of John Smith. Edward G. Hawke, ed. and trans. (London: Macmillan and Co., 1908-27), vol. 1 (1908), pp. 364, 416-17, nos. 63c, 210.
Hofstede de Groot, Cornelis. A Catalogue Raisonné of the Works of the Most Eminent Dutch Painters of the Seventeenth Century, Based on the Works of John Smith. Edward G. Hawke, ed. and trans. (London: Macmillan and Co., 1908-27), vol. 1 (1908)
Martin, Wilhelm. Gérard Dou, sa vie et son oeuvre: Étude sur la peinture hollandaise et les marchands au dix-septième siècle. Louis Dimier, trans. (Paris: Jouve & Cie, 1911), p. 191, no. 172.
Martin, Wilhelm. Gérard Dou, sa vie et son oeuvre: Étude sur la peinture hollandaise et les marchands au dix-septième siècle. Louis Dimier, trans. (Paris: Jouve & Cie, 1911)
Graves, Algernon. A Century of Loan Exhibitions, 1813-1912. 5 vols. (London: Algernon Graves, 1913-15), vol. 1 (1913), pp. 298-99.
Graves, Algernon. A Century of Loan Exhibitions, 1813-1912. 5 vols. (London: Algernon Graves, 1913-15), vol. 1 (1913)
Graves, Algernon. Art Sales from Early in the Eighteenth Century to Early in the Twentieth Century. 3 vols. (London: Graves, 1918-21), vol. 1 (1918), p. 236.
Graves, Algernon. Art Sales from Early in the Eighteenth Century to Early in the Twentieth Century. 3 vols. (London: Graves, 1918-21), vol. 1 (1918)
Art at Auction: The Year at Sotheby's, 1982-83; Two Hundred and Forty-Ninth Season (London: Sotheby Publications, 1983), p. 29, ill.
Art at Auction: The Year at Sotheby's, 1982-83; Two Hundred and Forty-Ninth Season (London: Sotheby Publications, 1983)
Sotheby's, London. Catalogue of Old Master Paintings. July 6, 1983, no. 80, ill.
Sotheby's, London. Catalogue of Old Master Paintings. July 6, 1983
Sutton, Peter C., ed. Masters of Seventeenth-Century Dutch Genre Painting, exh. cat. (Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art, 1984), pp. 187-88, no. 35, fig. 56.
Sutton, Peter C., ed. Masters of Seventeenth-Century Dutch Genre Painting, exh. cat. (Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art, 1984)
Jeromack, Paul. "Double Dutch: Guterman Kisses His Babies Good-bye." Art & Auction (January 1988), p. 131.
Jeromack, Paul. "Double Dutch: Guterman Kisses His Babies Good-bye." Art & Auction (January 1988)
Sluijter, Eric J., et al, eds. Leidse Fijnschilders van Gerrit Dou tot Frans van Mieris de Jonge, 1630-1760, exh. cat. (Leiden: Stedelijk Museum De Lakenhal, 1988), p. 107n2, 107n7.
Sluijter, Eric J., et al, eds. Leidse Fijnschilders van Gerrit Dou tot Frans van Mieris de Jonge, 1630-1760, exh. cat. (Leiden: Stedelijk Museum De Lakenhal, 1988)
Baer, Ronni. "The Paintings of Gerrit Dou (1613-1675)." Ph.D. diss. (New York University, 1990), pp. 109.1-3, no. 109, ill.
Baer, Ronni. "The Paintings of Gerrit Dou (1613-1675)." Ph.D. diss. (New York University, 1990)
Sutton, Peter C. "Recent Patterns of Public and Private Collecting of Dutch Art." In Great Dutch Paintings from America, exh. cat. Ben Broos et al., eds. (The Hague: Mauritshuis, with Waanders, 1990), p. 107.
Sutton, Peter C. "Recent Patterns of Public and Private Collecting of Dutch Art." In Great Dutch Paintings from America, exh. cat. Ben Broos et al., eds. (The Hague: Mauritshuis, with Waanders, 1990)
Jaffé, David. Summary Catalogue of European Paintings in the J. Paul Getty Museum (Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum, 1997), p. 36, ill.
Jaffé, David. Summary Catalogue of European Paintings in the J. Paul Getty Museum (Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum, 1997)
Baer, Ronni. Gerrit Dou, 1613-1675: Master Painter in the Age of Rembrandt, exh. cat. Arthur K. Wheelock, ed. (Washington, D. C.: National Gallery of Art, 2000), pp. 36, 49n114, 49n115, 50n116, 126-27, 143n1-4, no. 31, ill.
Baer, Ronni. Gerrit Dou, 1613-1675: Master Painter in the Age of Rembrandt, exh. cat. Arthur K. Wheelock, ed. (Washington, D. C.: National Gallery of Art, 2000)
Stafford, Barbara Maria, and Frances Terpak, eds. Devices of Wonder: From the World in a Box to Images on a Screen, exh. cat. (Los Angeles: Getty Research Institute, 2001), p. 372, no. 81.
Stafford, Barbara Maria, and Frances Terpak, eds. Devices of Wonder: From the World in a Box to Images on a Screen, exh. cat. (Los Angeles: Getty Research Institute, 2001)
Chapel, Jeannie. "William Beckford: Collector of Old Master Paintings, Drawings, and Prints." In William Beckford, 1760-1844: An Eye for the Magnificent. Derek E. Ostergard, ed. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001), pp. 241-42, 248n116, figs. 13-10.
Chapel, Jeannie. "William Beckford: Collector of Old Master Paintings, Drawings, and Prints." In William Beckford 1760-1844: An Eye for the Magnificent. Derek E. Ostergard, ed. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001)
Rembrandt-Bilder. Die historische Sammlung der Kasseler Gemäldegalerie, exh. cat. (Kassel: Staatliche Museen, with Hirmer Verlag, 2006), pp. 269-70, ill.
Rembrandt-Bilder. Die historische Sammlung der Kasseler Gemäldegalerie, exh. cat. (Kassel: Staatliche Museen, with Hirmer Verlag, 2006)
Bared, Robert. Le livre dans la peinture (Paris: Citadelles & Mazenod, 2015), pp. 78-79, fig. 56.
Bared, Robert. Le livre dans la peinture (Paris: Citadelles & Mazenod, 2015)
Waiboer, Adriaan E., ed. Vermeer and the Masters of Genre Painting: Inspiration and Rivalry, exh. cat. (Dublin: National Gallery of Ireland, with Yale University Press, 2017), p. 243, no. 18.12, ill.
Waiboer, Adriaan E., ed. Vermeer and the Masters of Genre Painting: Inspiration and Rivalry, exh. cat. (Dublin: National Gallery of Ireland, with Yale University Press, 2017)
Ducos, Blaise. “Reaching for the Stars.” In Vermeer and the Masters of Genre Painting: Inspiration and Rivalry, exh. cat. Adriaan E. Waiboer (Dublin: National Gallery of Ireland, with Yale University Press, 2017), pp. 208-9, 212-13, 290n4, fig. 98.
Ducos, Blaise. “Reaching for the Stars.” In Vermeer and the Masters of Genre Painting: Inspiration and Rivalry, exh. cat. Adriaan E. Waiboer (Dublin: National Gallery of Ireland, with Yale University Press, 2017)
Kostelnick, Charles. Humanizing Visual Design: The Rhetoric of Human Forms in Practical Communication (New York and London: Routledge, 2019), pp. 63-65, fig. 2.4.
Kostelnick, Charles. Humanizing Visual Design: The Rhetoric of Human Forms in Practical Communication (New York and London: Routledge, 2019)
Nicholson, Paul J. "Art and Occupation: Gerrit Dou, Astronomer by Candlelight, 1665." Occupational Medicine 71 (2021), pp. 401-03.
Nicholson, Paul J. "Art and Occupation: Gerrit Dou, Astronomer by Candlelight, 1665."
In an arched, window-like opening, an astronomer works late into the night. Concentrating, he reads an astronomical treatise and measures the distance between two points on a celestial globe. The candle he holds provides the only source of light; it illuminates his face, the book, the precious globe, the beaker of water, and his hourglass. Strong contrasts between light and dark show the painter Gerrit Dou's knowledge of a popular Baroque technique known as *chiaroscuro* . Carefully rendering minute details such as the handwriting in the book, the texture of the glass flask, and the folds in the astronomer's cloak was Dou's special talent. Collectors treasured these small, detailed paintings for pleasurable observation in their private rooms.
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, California
The J. Paul Getty Trust, Los Angeles, California
Text provided by the J. Paul Getty Museum. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
In an arched, window-like opening, an astronomer works late into the night. Concentrating, he reads an astronomical treatise and measures the distance between two points on a celestial globe. The candle he holds provides the only source of light; it illuminates his face, the book, the precious globe, the beaker of water, and his hourglass. Strong contrasts between light and dark show the painter Gerrit Dou's knowledge of a popular Baroque technique known as chiaroscuro . Carefully rendering minute details such as the handwriting in the book, the texture of the glass flask, and the folds in the astronomer's cloak was Dou's special talent. Collectors treasured these small, detailed paintings for pleasurable observation in their private rooms.
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Objects Exhibited in Pictures by Italian, Spanish, Flemish, Dutch, and French Masters at British Institution for Promoting the Fine Arts in the United Kingdom, London
Pictures by Italian, Spanish, Flemish, Dutch, and French Masters at British Institution for Promoting the Fine Arts in the United Kingdom, London
Pictures by Italian, Spanish, Flemish, Dutch, and French Masters
Objects Exhibited in Exhibition of the Works of the Old Masters, Associated with Works of Deceased Masters of the British School, Paintings in Oil and Water-Colours, and Sculpture. MDCCCLXXIII. Fourth Year. at Royal Academy of Arts, London
Exhibition of the Works of the Old Masters, Associated with Works of Deceased Masters of the British School, Paintings in Oil and Water-Colours, and Sculpture. MDCCCLXXIII. Fourth Year. at Royal Academy of Arts, London
Exhibition of the Works of the Old Masters, Associated with Works of Deceased Masters of the British School, Paintings in Oil and Water-Colours, and Sculpture. MDCCCLXXIII. Fourth Year.
Objects Exhibited in Exhibition of Works by the Old Masters and by Deceased Masters of the British School. Winter Exhibition, Nineteenth Year. MDCCCLXXXVIII. at Royal Academy of Arts, London
Exhibition of Works by the Old Masters and by Deceased Masters of the British School. Winter Exhibition, Nineteenth Year. MDCCCLXXXVIII. at Royal Academy of Arts, London
Exhibition of Works by the Old Masters and by Deceased Masters of the British School. Winter Exhibition, Nineteenth Year. MDCCCLXXXVIII.
Objects Exhibited in Masters of Seventeenth-Century Dutch Genre Painting at Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia
Masters of Seventeenth-Century Dutch Genre Painting at Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia
Masters of Seventeenth-Century Dutch Genre Painting
Objects Exhibited in Gerrit Dou at National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
Gerrit Dou at National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
Objects Exhibited in Gerrit Dou at Dulwich Picture Gallery, London
Gerrit Dou at Dulwich Picture Gallery, London
Objects Exhibited in Gerrit Dou at Mauritshuis, The Hague
Objects Exhibited in Devices of Wonder: From the World in a Box to Images on a Screen at J. Paul Getty Museum at the Getty Center, Los Angeles
Devices of Wonder: From the World in a Box to Images on a Screen at J. Paul Getty Museum at the Getty Center, Los Angeles
Devices of Wonder: From the World in a Box to Images on a Screen
Objects Exhibited in Radiant Darkness: The Art of Nocturnal Light at J. Paul Getty Museum at the Getty Center, Los Angeles
Radiant Darkness: The Art of Nocturnal Light at J. Paul Getty Museum at the Getty Center, Los Angeles
Radiant Darkness: The Art of Nocturnal Light
Objects Exhibited in Vermeer et les maîtres de la peinture de genre at Musée du Louvre, Paris
Vermeer et les maîtres de la peinture de genre at Musée du Louvre, Paris
Vermeer et les maîtres de la peinture de genre
Objects Exhibited in Vermeer et les maîtres de la peinture de genre at National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin
Vermeer et les maîtres de la peinture de genre at National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin
Objects Exhibited in Vermeer et les maîtres de la peinture de genre at National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
Vermeer et les maîtres de la peinture de genre at National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
Related Media Set for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732)
Lower left, on book: "GDov" (GD in ligature)
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Exhibition Title Attribute Assignment: Vermeer et les maîtres de la peinture de genre
Homepage for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) (HumanMadeObject)
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Adriaen Jansz. van Hoek; subsequently Hoek sale, Zomer, Amsterdam, April 7, 1706, lot 2.
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Adriaen Jansz. van Hoek
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Hoek sale, Zomer, Amsterdam, April 7, 1706, lot 2.
Provenance Sales Statement Sequence Attribution
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Provenance Biography Sequence Attribution
Provenance Activity TimeSpan Display Name
Provenance Activity Proofed Classification
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Willem Six
Provenance Actor Presentation Sequence Attribution
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Willem Six; subsequently sold, Six sale, Schoemaker, ten Brink, Amsterdam, May 12, 1734, lot 18, to Jan Six II.
sold, Six sale, Schoemaker, ten Brink, Amsterdam, May 12, 1734, lot 18, to Jan Six II.
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Jan Six II
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Jan Six II
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Lapeyrière
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Lapeyrière; subsequently sold, Lapeyrière sale, Lacoste, Paris, April 14, 1817, lot 19, to Charles Paillet, for 7100 francs.
sold, Lapeyrière sale, Lacoste, Paris, April 14, 1817, lot 19, to Charles Paillet, for 7100 francs.
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Charles Paillet
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Charles Paillet
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Joseph Barchard
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Joseph Barchard; subsequently sold, Barchard sale, Christie's, London, May 6, 1826, lot 12, to John Smith.
sold, Barchard sale, Christie's, London, May 6, 1826, lot 12, to John Smith.
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with John Smith
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with John Smith; subsequently sold to William Beckford, 1826.
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Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with William Thomas Beckford
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with William Thomas Beckford; subsequently by exchange with Abraham Hume, by 1829.
Fonthill Abbey, Wiltshire, England; Bath, Avon, England
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Sir Abraham Hume, second Bart.
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Sir Abraham Hume, second Bart.
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Christianus Johannes Nieuwenhuys
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Christianus Johannes Nieuwenhuys; subsequently sold, Christie's, London, Nieuwenhuys sale, May 10, 1833, lot 60, to Charles Robert Ayers.
sold, Christie's, London, Nieuwenhuys sale, May 10, 1833, lot 60, to Charles Robert Ayers.
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Charles Robert Ayers
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Charles Robert Ayers
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Richard Hobart Fitzgibbon, 3rd earl of Clare
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Richard Hobart Fitzgibbon, 3rd earl of Clare; subsequently sold, Clare sale, Christie's, London, June 17, 1864, lot 38, to William Delafield.
sold, Clare sale, Christie's, London, June 17, 1864, lot 38, to William Delafield.
Algernon Graves. A Century of Loan Exhibtions, 1813-1912 (London: 1913-15), vol. 1, pp. 298; Pictures by Italian, Spanish, Flemish, Dutch and French Masters, exh. cat. (London: British Institution, 1839), no. 30.
Provenance Citation Sequence Attribution
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with William Delafield
Richard Hobart Fitzgibbon, 3rd earl of Clare
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with William Delafield; subsequently sold, Delafield sale, Christie's, London, April 30, 1870, lot 79, through Martin H. Colnaghi (London, England) to Albert Lévy.
sold, Delafield sale, Christie's, London, April 30, 1870, lot 79, through Martin H. Colnaghi (London, England) to Albert Lévy.
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Albert Lévy
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Albert Lévy; subsequently sold, Lévy sale, Christie's, London, April 6, 1876, lot 329, to Piercer.
sold, Lévy sale, Christie's, London, April 6, 1876, lot 329, to Piercer.
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Piercer
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Piercer
Algernon Graves. Art Sales from Early in the Eighteenth Century to Early in the Twentieth Century (London: 1918-21), vol. 1, p. 236.
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Barclay Field, Esq.
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Barclay Field, Esq.
London, England; Beechy Lees, Otford, Kent, England
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with John Jacob Astor, 1st baron Astor of Hever
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with John Jacob Astor, 1st baron Astor of Hever; subsequently by inheritance to Gavin Astor, 1971.
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Gavin Astor, 2nd baron Astor of Hever
John Jacob Astor, 1st baron Astor of Hever
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Gavin Astor, 2nd baron Astor of Hever; subsequently sold, Astor of Hever sale, Sotheby's, London, July 6, 1983, lot 80, sold to Johnny Van Haeften.
sold, Astor of Hever sale, Sotheby's, London, July 6, 1983, lot 80, sold to Johnny Van Haeften.
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Johnny Van Haeften
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Johnny Van Haeften
Provenance Activity for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Gerald Guterman
Provenance Acquisition for Astronomer by Candlelight (86.PB.732) associated with Gerald Guterman; subsequently sold to the J. Paul Getty Museum, 1986.
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CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication
Acknowledgements for Collection Metadata
Collection metadata provided by the J. Paul Getty Museum. Licensed under CC0 1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/).