Area of modern Egypt comprises the core of the ancient kingdom of Egypt; area was home to Neolithic cultures by 6000 BCE; Thinite dynasty united Upper and Lower Egypt ca. 3100 BCE; important Hellenistic center; part of Roman Empire until Arab conquest in 640, then Mameluk and Ottoman; official language is Arabic, though English and French are also widely spoken.
The New Encyclopædia Britannica. 15th ed. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 1985.
1994 Britannica Book of the Year. Events of 1993. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 1994.
Rand McNally and Company. The New International Atlas. 25th Anniversary Edition. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1994.
United Nations. Terminology Bulletin No. 345: Country Names. New York: United Nations, 1993.
Foundation for Documents of Architecture (Washington, DC)
Bibliography of the History of Art / Bibliographie d'Histoire de l'Art, The Getty Center (Los Angeles, California)
Formerly used to refer to GRLPA, Getty Research Institute, Research Library Photo Study Collection, The Getty Center (Los Angeles, California)
Israel Museum, Jerusalem (Jerusalem, Israel)
Webster's New Geographical Dictionary. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster, 1984.
Times Atlas of the World. Concise Edition. London: Times Books, 1995.
GeoNames [online]. [n.d.]. http://www.geonames.org/ (23 December 2010)
Cassell's French Dictionary. Completely revised by Denis Girard. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1981.
Cassell's German Dictionary. Completely revised by Harold T. Betteridge. London; New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1982.
Cassell's Spanish Dictionary. Completely revised by Anthony Gooch. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1978.
United Nations Group of Experts on Geographic Names (UNGEGN). Working Group on Country Names, List of Country Names [online], 2007. http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/UNGEGN-Working-Groups/WG-Country-Names-Doc-up-to-date-Oct07vers.pdf (10 June 2009).
United Nations Group of Experts on Geographic Names (UNGEGN). Working Group on Country Names, Working Paper No. 54, Twenty-sixth session, 2011. http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/UNGEGN/docs/26th-gegn-docs/WP/WP54_UNGEGN%20WG%20Country%20Names%20Document%202011.pdf (18 July 2013).
1993 Britannica Book of the Year. Events of 1992. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 1993.
Cambridge World Gazetteer: A Geographical Dictionary. Edited by David Munro. Chambers World Gazetteer. Cambridge, England; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
Barraclough, Geoffrey, ed. The Times Atlas of World History, 4th ed. Maplewood, NJ: Hammond Incorporated, 1993.
US Central Intelligence Agency. 2006 World Fact Book [online]. Washington: Central Intelligence Agency, 2006-. https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html (23 August 2006).
Encyclopædia Britannica. Britannica Online. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2002-. http://www.eb.com/ (1 July 2002)
International Organization for Standardization. ISO Standards Handbook I: Documentation and Information. 3rd ed. Genève: International Organization for Standardization, 1988.
Cassell's Italian Dictionary. Compiled by Piero Rebora. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1983.
Engels Woordenboek. Compiled by J. Gerritsen and N.E. Osselton. Groningen: Wolters-Noordhoff, 1987.
International Organization for Standardization. ISO Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries and Their Subdivisions. Revision of 4th ed. Genève: International Organization for Standardization, 1996.
United States National Imagery and Mapping Agency. GNS ADM1 Codes to ADM1 Names: FIPS PUB 10-4 [online]. Washington: National Imagery and Mapping Agency, 1998. <http://164.214.2.59/gns/html/ADM1.html>.
United Nations. Terminology Bulletin No. 347/Rev.1: Country Names. New York: United Nations, 1997.
Al Jumhūrīyah al 'Arabīyah al Muttaḩidah
'Arabīyah al Muttaḩidah, Al Jumhūrīyah al
Al Jumhūrīyah al ‘Arabīyah al Muttaḩidah